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X-ORIGINAL-URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions
X-WR-CALDESC:Events for What Works
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TZID:Europe/Berlin
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TZOFFSETFROM:+0100
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DTSTART:20240331T010000
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TZOFFSETTO:+0100
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DTSTART:20241027T010000
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T133817Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T133817Z
UID:10000190-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Climate policy and governance institutions for reducing CO2 emissions
DESCRIPTION:The corpus of national climate policies continues to grow\, but to what effect? Using a unique dataset of 2\,782 policy instruments in 43 OECD and major emerging economies over the period 2000-2019 we show that concentrating policies on certain instrument.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/climate-policy-and-governance-institutions-for-reducing-co2-emissions/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T133652Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T133652Z
UID:10000189-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Who pays for higher carbon prices in OECD countries? Monitoring households' adjustment burdens
DESCRIPTION:Climate change and climate-change mitigation both have potentially major distributional effects. The distribution of the costs of climate-change mitigation\, in turn\, is among the main drivers of voter support for necessary policy action (Dechezleprêtre\, et al.\, 2022). Carbon pricing aims to narrow the gaps between private and social costs of greenhouse gas emissions and is frequently seen as one of the main policy tools for turning national and international net-zero commitments into reality. It can be controversial however\, including in the context of recent cost-of-living increases. Its implementation remains uneven globally and across the OECD\, and the distributional effects of carbon pricing\, and their drivers\, are currently not widely understood. This paper compares the carbon intensities of households’ consumption baskets in selected countries and assesses how higher carbon prices alter household budgets and consumption patterns. Tracing emissions and the resulting carbon prices through the value chain requires combining and aligning data from disparate sources. The paper utilises information on the carbon intensity of different fuels\, Input-Output information across industries and sectors\, budget surveys to link carbon footprints to specific households\, as well as granular policy information on different types of carbon pricing that countries have actually introduced (OECD\, 2016\, 2023). Results shed light on whether carbon pricing measures are regressive and they compare carbon-price burdens across countries and groups\, including those that can be of particular policy interest\, such as older or rural populations. The objective is two-fold: (1) to inform policy decisions about feasible reform paths\, including suitable strategies for providing compensation to households; and (2) to distil relevant drivers of distributional outcomes\, such as the type of carbon-pricing measure\, patterns of households’ fuel consumption\, the carbon-intensity of different goods and services\, or behavioural reactions to price changes.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/who-pays-for-higher-carbon-prices-in-oecd-countries-monitoring-households-adjustment-burdens/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T114349Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T114349Z
UID:10000157-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Wikimedia Projects as Key Elements of the Global Climate Literacy Landscape
DESCRIPTION:As climate-related matters touch ever more aspects of ever more people’s lives\, it is essential to provide the public with verifiable information that helps to understand climate issues and their ramifications\, including potential solutions and the conditions under which they might or might not work. Wikimedia projects – i.e. Wikipedia and its sister sites like Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons – can and do play an important role in building\, strengthening and sustaining climate literacy: they provide a sizeable share of the global population with general reference information on a very broad range of climate-related topics\, in a place where people and machines are looking for such information\, in languages that they can understand\, on an ongoing basis and in ways that allow essentially any individual or group to participate. \nThis contribution will provide a guided tour around how various climate issues and potential solutions are reflected in the content and in the workflows of various Wikimedia projects. Examples will be drawn from various domains of climate-related research and practice. The discussion will include biases and gaps in coverage as well as the handling of misinformation and other non-constructive contributions. It will also outline opportunities for actors in the climate solution and climate literacy space to embrace the collaborative nature of these platforms and to engage with their contents\, communities or technology stack. Different forms of such engagement will be demoed.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/wikimedia-projects-as-key-elements-of-the-global-climate-literacy-landscape/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T114246Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T114246Z
UID:10000156-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:How the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Sets Climate Change Agendas and Influences Global Action
DESCRIPTION:As the environmental program of the United Nations\, UNEP aims to play a key role in shaping the global discourse on climate change\, influencing international negotiations\, and directing funding streams to effective climate action initiatives. This presentation will explore UNEP’s strategic approach to climate action\, examining two key elements that enable the organization to set trends and drive positive change: First\, we will show how UNEP seeks to use science to inform policy by focusing on one of its flagship reports\, the Emissions Gap Report. Our presentation will discuss the mechanisms behind the development of these reports\, exploring how UNEP identifies and prioritizes emerging scientific issues\, while also looking at UNEP’s internal capacity to produce these reports. We will also look at the assessment of the reports by external stakeholders\, with a particular focus on their potential to catalyze accelerated climate action. Second\, we will look at how UNEP’s work has been instrumental in placing the concept of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA)\, a nature-centered approach to climate change adaptation\, on the global climate change agenda and promoting its integration into national and international frameworks. Our presentation will show how UNEP has strategically engaged in partnerships to disseminate the concept of EbA\, promote a global discourse on EbA\, and facilitate its adoption and implementation in different contexts.\nTo gain a deeper understanding of UNEP’s impact and the mechanisms behind it\, this presentation draws on insights from document analysis and interviews with UNEP staff\, other UN stakeholders\, and external partners\, including government and donor representatives. Our analysis provides valuable perspectives on UNEP’s effectiveness in influencing climate change agendas\, key factors contributing to its success\, and areas for improvement. UNEP’s work on climate change exemplifies the power of science\, partnerships and strategic communications to drive global action.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/how-the-united-nations-environment-programme-unep-sets-climate-change-agendas-and-influences-global-action/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T114127Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T114127Z
UID:10000155-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The IPCC at a crossroads: leaving policy relevance behind?
DESCRIPTION:The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been a crucial facilitator of climate change research and governance. A special collection of npj Climate Action have published a range of research articles\, reviews and perspectives that discuss the achievements of the IPCC\, the challenges it faces when it enters its 7th assessment cycle\, and suggestions for solutions. In this piece we assess all the contributions on the IPCC in the npj Climate Action journal\, see these in relation to resource constraints of the IPCC and the decisions already made that will constrain and facilitate the work of the IPCC in the coming assessment cycle. On this backdrop\, we develop answers to the question: How can IPCC processes and outcomes be reformed to produce knowledge that is more relevant for climate action? In this outro\, we pay specific attention to the four possible reform agendas for the IPCC in the form of ideal types that we presented in the introduction to the special collection: Back to Basics\, Orchestrating\, Broad Knowledge Generation and Reflexive Learning. We show that all of these have their advantages and disadvantages\, but the IPCC cannot achieve everything all ant once.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-ipcc-at-a-crossroads-leaving-policy-relevance-behind/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T114005Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T114005Z
UID:10000154-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Use systematic reviews to inform IPCC uncertainty assessments
DESCRIPTION:Acknowledging that effective communication of uncertainty is a critical element of scientific assessment\, the IPCC has adopted a standardized uncertainty assessment framework to enhance transparency and dependability in its findings. Despite these efforts\, author teams frequently encounter difficulties in the assessment process\, leading to unclear assessment justifications and confusion among readers of the report. \nOur study displays how to use rigorous and transparent evidence synthesis methods\, typically found in systematic reviews and meta-analyses\, to enhance the assessment of uncertainties. Focusing on empirical ex-post evidence\, we show how IPCC authors can use the information provided by gold standard systematic reviews to evaluate all dimensions that are relevant for the assessment of uncertainty – type\, amount\, quantity\, quality\, consistency and agreement – while providing a clear and traceable rationale for their assessment decision. \nTo better guide and structure the assessment\, we advocate for the adoption of assessment summary tables\, inspired by the Grading of Recommendations\, Assessment\, Development\, and Evaluation (GRADE) evidence-to-decision framework. These tables streamline the assessment process and significantly boost transparency. \nOur approach demonstrates a practical and effective method for authors to adhere to the IPCC’s standards for uncertainty assessment\, thereby contributing to more reliable and credible scientific assessments in the field of climate action.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/use-systematic-reviews-to-inform-ipcc-uncertainty-assessments/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T113839Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T113839Z
UID:10000153-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Questioning the use of median values in IPCC AR6 scenarios
DESCRIPTION:In 2022\, the IPCC WGIII finalized the 6th assessment report (AR6) and delivered an open database hosted by IIASA that collects detailed data on possible transition pathways related to the third chapter.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/questioning-the-use-of-median-values-in-ipcc-ar6-scenarios/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T113553Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T113553Z
UID:10000152-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Indicators of Global Climate Change
DESCRIPTION:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments are the trusted source of scientific evidence for climate negotiations taking place under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)\, including the first global stocktake under the Paris Agreement that will conclude at COP28 in December 2023. Evidence-based decision-making needs to be informed by up-to-date and timely information on key indicators of the state of the climate system and of the human influence on the global climate system. However\, successive IPCC reports are published at intervals of 5–10 years\, creating potential for an information gap between report cycles. \nWe follow methods as close as possible to those used in the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) Working Group One (WGI) report. We compile monitoring datasets to produce estimates for key climate indicators related to forcing of the climate system: emissions of greenhouse gases and short-lived climate forcers\, greenhouse gas concentrations\, radiative forcing\, surface temperature changes\, the Earth’s energy imbalance\, warming attributed to human activities\, the remaining carbon budget\, and estimates of global temperature extremes. The purpose of this effort\, grounded in an open data\, open science approach\, is to make annually updated reliable global climate indicators available in the public domain (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8000192\, Smith et al.\, 2023a). As they are traceable to IPCC report methods\, they can be trusted by all parties involved in UNFCCC negotiations and help convey wider understanding of the latest knowledge of the climate system and its direction of travel. \nOver the 2013–2022 period\, human-induced warming has been increasing at an unprecedented rate of over 0.2 ∘C per decade.Despite this\, there is evidence that increases in greenhouse gas emissions have slowed\, and depending on societal choices\, a continued series of these annual updates over the critical 2020s decade could track a change of direction for human influence on climate.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/indicators-of-global-climate-change/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T100511Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T100511Z
UID:10000104-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Evaluating low-carbon urban planning strategies across urban typologies using causal machine learning
DESCRIPTION:With climate change and rapid urban migration\, cities face the question of where to locate new residents to minimize travel and related CO2 emissions. While the IPCC suggests general planning concepts such as compact or transit-oriented development\, a place-specific understanding of how this translates to the local context is lacking.\nHere\, we introduce a novel approach to assess the induced transport CO2 emissions for different urban planning strategies and determine the city-specific\, optimal locations for low-carbon residential development. We use double machine learning to estimate the non-linear effect of the built environment on travel-related CO2 emissions for each neighborhood while controlling for residential self-selection. Using a selection of global cities with diverse urban typologies\, we demonstrate how optional low-carbon urban planning differs across city typologies. Based on population projections for 2050\, we assess the global mitigation potential compared to a business-as-usual scenario characterized by increasing urban sprawl. Our results underscore the importance of evidence-based\, spatially differentiated compact development to decarbonize the transport sector.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/evaluating-low-carbon-urban-planning-strategies-across-urban-typologies-using-causal-machine-learning/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T100405Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T100405Z
UID:10000103-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Identifying Urban Typologies through remote sensing and clustering
DESCRIPTION:Navigating the diverse definitions of urban and rural areas\, along with the varied urban patterns within cities\, poses a significant challenge when comparing cities globally. Different regions or countries employ distinct combinations of physical and socioeconomic attributes to define a city\, complicating efforts to establish uniform criteria. While organizations like the OECD\, the EU\, or the US Census Office propose urban definitions\, researchers analyzing global urban patterns\, especially in the global south\, often grapple with the need to amalgamate data from multiple sources. This amalgamation introduces a high level of variability in spatial boundaries\, making it challenging to directly apply established criteria from one region to differentiate between predominantly urban and non-urban neighborhoods in another. \nBuilding on our previous experience evaluating and comparing urban areas’ environmental performance\, we present an approach that could help researchers in this field to achieve a more accurate differentiation between urban and non-urban areas using a combination of geospatial analysis and traditional clustering tools applied to two use cases. The first one\, developed as part of the Data-Driven EnviroLab’s Urban Environment and Social Inclusion project\, uses a combination of physical and socioeconomic variables at the neighborhood level and a stepwise hierarchical clustering to identify groups of neighborhoods that are not functionally urban. The second approach uses a similar set of variables but at the city level and k-clustering to identify groups of cities with similar development patterns and context\, in order to analyze their attributes within and across groups. The application of this approach has allowed us to both reduce the variability within each city and create meaningful groups of cities/neighborhoods which can be used for more accurate within and across group comparison\, and has potential to serve as a viable method to segment large urban databases for creating more refined analysis for multiple uses.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/identifying-urban-typologies-through-remote-sensing-and-clustering/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T100140Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T100140Z
UID:10000102-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Urban typologies in climate risk and adaptation studies: Approaches\, applications\, remaining gaps and ways forward
DESCRIPTION:The amount of scientific knowledge and published case studies on climate risks and adaptation action in cities has been rising sharply over the recent years. Typologies\, archetypes or clustering approaches have been used in a range of studies and science-for-policy reports in an attempt to structure the wealth of case study information into larger profiles that facilitate general analysis and policy-advice. However\, no single-best approach has yet emerged that allows to capture the diversity and multi-dimensionality of urban risk profiles and adaptation challenges in a comprehensive\, dynamic and comparative manner. Rather\, different approaches suggested to date all come with their individual capabilities and limits. Their synergies and trade-offs as well as their potential for integration yet has to be examined in more detail.\nThis paper therefore provides a comprehensive review of the ways in which urban typologies have been used in the field of climate risk and adaptation\, covering (a) the academic literature\, (b) the IPCC’s latest assessment cycle and (c) practice and policy documents at the global scale. Based on a structured literature and document analysis it assesses which approaches have been applied in which domains and which strengths and weaknesses have been highlighted. The paper then provides a structured analysis of current overlaps and gaps in order to identify potential entry points for the integration of different existing approaches. In addition\, it suggests potential future amendments of urban typologies based on newly emerging data sources and analysis techniques. Lastly\, the paper sets out an evaluation framework which shall be used in the future to have the proposed integrations and amendments undergo an expert evaluation by prospective recipients and users of urban typology information.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/urban-typologies-in-climate-risk-and-adaptation-studies-approaches-applications-remaining-gaps-and-ways-forward/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T100029Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T100029Z
UID:10000101-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Unpacking capacity for climate action: mechanisms shaping the effect of organisational capacity on policy implementation at the local level
DESCRIPTION:In recent years\, local governments have gained significant importance in the implementation of climate policy. Cities and municipalities offer place-based and context-specific solutions to climate-related and –specific problems. However\, cities also often face an implementation challenge. Previous studies have consistently found a general influence of capacity as a key constraint for local governments. Scholars generally point to the influence of various forms of organisational capacity\, namely human capacity\, financial resources\, community support\, operational expertise\, networks\, political will or local autonomy. Yet\, the empirical record shows mixed results: while organisational capacity does lead to successful climate action\, both false negatives and false positives are also observed.\nIn light of the above\, a closer look into the mechanisms linking organisational capacity and successful urban climate action is due. To that end\, yielding more than 20 cases we explore both successful and unsuccessful climate action in medium-sized European cities\, covering paradigmatic configurations of organisational capacity factors – that is\, different typologies of a “capable” city. Preliminary results reveal mechanisms that manifest themselves across typologies. More interestingly\, though\, we also observe a number of typology-specific mechanisms and their respective implementation challenges. A good understanding of these mechanisms and how they relate to specific typologies of cities will be crucial in developing capacity-building and knowledge transfer schemes in the context of both national and transnational support for urban climate action. Its implications are important for cities so that they invest their scarce resources more efficiently and thereby reach climate neutrality targets faster.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/unpacking-capacity-for-climate-action-mechanisms-shaping-the-effect-of-organisational-capacity-on-policy-implementation-at-the-local-level/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T095848Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T095848Z
UID:10000100-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Scaling urban climate action through archetypes: a city-matching approach
DESCRIPTION:Numerous city governments around the world have positioned themselves as “leaders” in efforts to deal with climate change. Although valuable\, these efforts require scaling in order to achieve the needed impact. Here\, we argue that horizontal scaling\, i.e. the diffusion of ambitious climate action across cities\, will benefit from appropriate city typologies. Typologies can foster the intentional processes of city matching: Identifying and studying pairs or clusters of cities with similar or complementary structural or strategic attributes (like size\, cultural heritage\, national context\, economic structure\, interventions\, political agency). \nHowever\, matching cities requires a methodological approach which takes into account the heterogeneity of cities and their contexts. We propose archetype analysis as a means to help research and match city types that most likely to facilitate horizontal scaling. Generally\, archetype analysis investigates recurrent patterns of a phenomenon of interest by identifying multiple dynamics or patterns\, each explaining the phenomenon under a particular set of conditions. This comparative approach enables us to identify different kinds of cases when general regularities that apply to all cases cannot be expected. It can address research questions like: To advance horizontal scaling\, does city matching work better between cities of the same archetype? Do cities with different but complementary archetypes match better? \nThis paper showcases how such questions can be addressed. Drawing from a literature review and a research workshop synthesis\, it proposes some archetypes that may facilitate matching. For instance\, leader and follower cities might not match so straightforward\, while matching cities with similar social problems might support scaling well. We posit that empirically testing such archetypes will contribute to scaling successful urban climate action.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/scaling-urban-climate-action-through-archetypes-a-city-matching-approach/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T090444Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T090444Z
UID:10000070-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Building Open-Source Empirical Models to Forecast Carbon Emissions
DESCRIPTION:Formulating and implementing climate policy requires a detailed understanding of likely pathways of future carbon emissions. However\, most existing tools to provide forecasts for such emissions exhibit several limitations. Projections are predominantly made for the long-term\, lacking the necessary detail within the typical policy horizon of one to five years. Moreover\, most short-term forecasting models are closed-source ‘black-boxes’ that do not reveal in detail how the obtained forecasts are generated. This paper contributes to closing this gap of a lack of transparent short-term emission forecasts by developing a generalised framework for modelling climate and environmental policies within an empirical macro-econometric modelling approach that is standardised for a large number of countries but allows for immense flexibility. The Aggregate Model is an open-source econometric model builder that primarily aims to provide empirical forecasts of sectoral carbon emissions. The estimated models are based on econometric tools from the robust time series modelling literature such as diagnostic testing\, model selection\, indicator saturation\, and automatic forecast evaluation. We present an illustrative example of how the Aggregate Model as a model-builder tool can be used to forecast different sectoral emissions in Austria. We therefore provide the first short term sectoral emission forecasts for Austria. By putting open-source transparency and replicability at the heart of this project\, we contribute to opening up the existing forecasting space to wider academic discussion\, criticism\, and improvement and hope to provide crucial tools to policy-makers.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/building-open-source-empirical-models-to-forecast-carbon-emissions/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T090324Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T090324Z
UID:10000069-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Climate policies that achieved major emission reductions: Global evidence from two decades
DESCRIPTION:Meeting the Paris Agreement’s climate targets necessitates better knowledge about which climate policies work in reducing emissions at the necessary scale. Here\, we provide the first global\, systematic ex-post evaluation identifying policy combinations that have led to large emission reductions out\nof 1\,500 climate policies implemented between 1998 and 2022 across 41 countries from six continents. Our approach integrates a novel climate policy database that is the most comprehensive\, internationally harmonized\, policy inventory to-date\, with a rigorous\, machine learning-based extension of the common difference-in-differences approach. We identify 63 successful policy interventions with total emission reductions between 0.6 and 1.8 Gt CO2. Our insights on effective but rarely studied policies and previously unknown effective combinations of policies highlight the important role of price-based instruments in well-designed policy mixes\, and the policy efforts necessary for closing the emissions gap in the building\, electricity\, industry\, and transport sectors.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/climate-policies-that-achieved-major-emission-reductions-global-evidence-from-two-decades/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T085937Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240524T070918Z
UID:10000068-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Attributing Increases in Green Patenting to Disruptive Climate Policies
DESCRIPTION:While the role of innovation in the green transition is widely acknowledged\, ex-post evaluations of policy instruments and policy mixes are limited to a few headline policy instruments. In this paper\, we use patent family data from 22 countries for the years 2000 to 2019\, covering 95% of total green patenting activity\, and combine a differences-in-differences model with a machine learning-based variable selection algorithm to detect structural breaks in the patent counts time series. We attribute positive and negative structural breaks to policies from the recently published OECD climate mitigation policy database and find that policy mixes that include pricing instruments are most effective in stimulating energy\, solar and wind patenting. The results are robust to alternative specifications using standard synthetic control methods.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/attributing-increases-in-green-patenting-to-disruptive-innovation-policies/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T085821Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T085821Z
UID:10000067-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Bayesian Structural Break Detection for the Identification of Effective Climate Policies
DESCRIPTION:In this study\, we introduce a Bayesian approach to detect structural breaks in panel data in the context of step-shift indicator saturated models. We focus on identifying the magnitude of the impact of climate policies with uncertain timing. Traditional methods for climate policy evaluation often rely on precise knowledge of when interventions occur\, comparing outcomes between treated and non-treated groups. However\, the exact timing of policy implementation is often ambiguous\, posing challenges to these conventional approaches. \nWe propose an estimation method for the parameters of indicator saturated model such as those proposed by Pretis and Schwarz (2022) (see also Hendry et al.\, 2020; Yao and Zhao\, 2022) employing Bayesian methods. Our methodological framework offers a coherent probabilistic framework for the detection of structural breaks with unknown timing in panel data. The setup naturally facilitates the quantification of uncertainty around the estimated break dates without additional computational costs. Our approach applies a spike-and-slab prior (using a Dirac spike and a non-local-piMOM slab component) which allows for model consistency with a linearly growing number of parameters\, while allowing for Cauchy tails to avoid bias. \nIn simulation studies\, we show that our approach is competitive with existing frequentist approaches when it comes to identifying breaks in time series\, and outperforms them in terms of false positive rates. We apply our method to assess the effectiveness of climate policies in the European transport sector (Koch et al.\, 2022). Our findings largely confirm previous results\, but also uncover additional policy effects that merit further investigation.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/bayesian-structural-break-detection-for-the-identification-of-effective-climate-policies/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T085636Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240515T100233Z
UID:10000066-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Towards understanding policy design through text-as-data approaches: The policy design annotations (POLIANNA) dataset
DESCRIPTION:Despite the importance of ambitious policy action for addressing climate change\, large and systematic assessments of public policies and their design are lacking as analysing text manually is labour-intensive and costly. In a project funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation and ETH Zurich\, we made a first step in contributing to overcoming this bottleneck: We created POLIANNA\, a training dataset of policy texts from the European Union (EU) that are annotated based on theoretical concepts of policy design\, which can be used to develop supervised machine learning approaches for scaling policy analysis. The dataset consists of 20\,577 annotated spans\, drawn from 18 EU climate change mitigation and renewable energy policies and is published open source to facilitate follow-up projects. Concretely\, we developed a novel coding scheme translating existing taxonomies of policy design elements to a method for annotating text spans that consist of one or several words. An extensive description of the coding scheme\, the annotated corpus\, and an analysis of inter-annotator agreement complements the training dataset. There are various potential applications that can build on POLIANNA. Primarily\, we envision this database to be used for building tools that help with manual coding of policy texts by automatically proposing paragraphs containing relevant information. As fully automated assessment of policy design characteristics a long-term goal rather than an imminent reality\, we understand our effort as being an important first step along this way\, hoping to encourage practitioners and researchers alike to pick up elements of our framework in their upcoming endeavours. \n 
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/towards-understanding-policy-design-through-text-as-data-approaches-the-policy-design-annotations-polianna-dataset/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T081708Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T081708Z
UID:10000043-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Developing guidelines for economic evaluation of the health impacts of climate (in)action\, enabling a consistent\, comparable approach
DESCRIPTION:In funding research in the climate and health field\, economic evaluation has come up as critical evidence that policymakers need to identify and develop effective policy for climate and health. However\, there are gaps in research capacity to deliver the evidence needed. \nMost economists either work on health or climate/environment economic analysis and they are speaking different ‘languages’. To deliver interdisciplinary climate and health economic analysis\, they will need to work together to build the evidence base. \nExisting methods exist for economic evaluation\, but are developed and used in silos. There is a lack of globally applied\, consistent\, comparable approaches for economic analysis of the health impacts of climate action. There is a need to bring together existing approaches and provide guidance on when\, why and how to use them\, include understanding and communicating uncertainties and limitations.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/developing-guidelines-for-economic-evaluation-of-the-health-impacts-of-climate-inaction-enabling-a-consistent-comparable-approach/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T081523Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T081523Z
UID:10000042-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Guidelines of best practice climate and health modelling. The GReenhouse Gas And Health Modelling Studies (GRAHMS) Checklist.
DESCRIPTION:As part of the Pathfinder Commission\, a systematic umbrella review was conducted which synthesised disparate evidence on health and green-house gas (GHG) emissions resulting from climate change mitigation modelling. We observed discrepancy in conduct and reporting of these studies across interventions and contexts\, which often required assumptions to be made when synthesising those estimates. This paper presents a new checklist to promote greater consistency in conduct and reporting of GReenhouse Gas and Health Modelling Studies (GRAHMS).
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/guidelines-of-best-practice-climate-and-health-modelling-the-greenhouse-gas-and-health-modelling-studies-grahms-checklist/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T081332Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T081332Z
UID:10000041-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Supporting the evaluation and evidence synthesis landscape in climate and health in low- and middle-income countries
DESCRIPTION:Climate change is one of the biggest threats currently facing humanity. It is a is a global threat to stability. With its impacts in the form of extreme weather events and rising water body levels\, climate change exposes present and future generations to lifelong health and livelihood harm\, particularly in regions with low adaptive and resilience capacity. Exposure to increased frequency and intensity of severe weather\, such as flooding and drought\, are leading to tormenting risks\, as the occurrences of water-borne and vectorborne diseases and malnutrition-related illnesses are aggravated.\nClimate change is worsening already tight resource constraints through more extreme and variable weather and decreasing average yields. Sub-Saharan Africa is confronted with a range of climate risks that could have far-reaching consequences for its health systems in future. Rapid and uncertain changes in rainfall and temperature patterns markedly threaten agricultural production\, increase the vulnerability of smallholders\, and accentuate rural poverty that threats health and livelihoods. Under 2°C warming\, the existing variations in water availability across the region could become more pronounced (World Bank; 2013). In southern Africa\, annual precipitation is projected to decrease by up to 30 percent under 4°C warming\, while parts of southern and west Africa may see decreases in groundwater recharge rates of 50–70 percent. This could lead to substantial increase in drought risks. Similarly\, strong warming and an ambiguous precipitation signal are projected to increase drought risk over central Africa. The 2011 Horn of Africa drought\, particularly severe in Kenya and Somalia\, is consistent with an increased probability of long-rains failure under the influence of human-induced climate change (World Bank\, 2013).\nResponding to these challenges will require better knowledge and evidence synthesis that can promote better policy and actions that would improve health and livelihoods. Developing evidence synthesis\, evidence portal\, policy briefs\, guidance and guidelines
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/supporting-the-evaluation-and-evidence-synthesis-landscape-in-climate-and-health-in-low-and-middle-income-countries/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T081108Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T081108Z
UID:10000040-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:The Pathfinder Initiative umbrella review – methods\, findings and next steps
DESCRIPTION:As part of the Pathfinder Initiative\, a systematic umbrella review was conducted of evidence from implemented actions and modelling studies of climate mitigation actions on green-house gas and health outcomes. We present what we did\, what we found and what we plan to do with the findings for influencing policy and research.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/the-pathfinder-initiative-umbrella-review-methods-findings-and-next-steps/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T080924Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T080924Z
UID:10000039-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Recommendations and key messages from WWCS climate and health workshop for policy makers
DESCRIPTION:As part of the preparation for the What Works Climate Summit\, a series of meetings was held\, one of which was organised and sponsored by the Pathfinder team at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The meeting discussed harmonising reporting\, supporting evidence uptake\, and helping develop global capacity in evidence synthesis. This presentation will focus on recommendations and key messages from that meeting for policy makers.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/recommendations-and-key-messages-from-wwcs-climate-and-health-workshop-for-policy-makers/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T075656Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T075656Z
UID:10000033-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Comparing mitigation\, adaptation and residual damage costs under different socio-economic and climate scenarios
DESCRIPTION:Future socio-economic development plays a crucial role in both climate policy and the impacts of climate change. In this study\, we for the first time systematically compare the costs of mitigation\, adaptation\, and residual damage for different socio-economic and climate scenarios known as the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). For this\, we combine recent damage estimates with adaptation costs and introduce differences in the effectiveness of adaptation based on the SSP projection. The results can be presented in terms of SSP/RCP matrix\, with optimal climate outcomes as a function of SSP. The results can also be used to identify critical factors determining the optimal temperature\, including socio-economic development\, technology development and limits to mitigation and adaptation. The socio-economic limits to adaptation lead to damage costs that are 15% to 60% higher than if optimal adaptation had been possible. Overall\, this study demonstrates that the socio-economic developments assumed in the SSP\, including inequality reduction and institutional strength\, can be equally important for the optimal outcome as the factors typically studied such as discount rate.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/comparing-mitigation-adaptation-and-residual-damage-costs-under-different-socio-economic-and-climate-scenarios/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T075510Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T075510Z
UID:10000032-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Adaptation opportunities for transformative adaptation pathways planning
DESCRIPTION:Adaptation pathways provide an approach for long-term planning of adaptation under deep uncertainty by sequencing individual options over time while leaving future options open\, depending on the speed and extent of climate change. Within an adaptation pathway\, the implementation of a new option is traditionally triggered by (approaching) adaptation thresholds (also referred to as adaptation tipping points)\, namely the conditions or timing when current adaptation options stop performing as desired. In this research\, we complement these with the concept of adaptation opportunities. We here define adaptation opportunities as the conditions or moment in time when it is beneficial to implement new adaptation options\, before any thresholds of current measures have been reached or are even approaching. Such opportunities can result from the cost-efficiency of an action being particularly high at a specific moment in time\, and/or the presence of (multiple) specific enabling factors. \nWe start by identifying which categories of adaptation opportunities exist based on a review of adaptation literature\, and we position those within the existing adaptation pathways approach. We then assess how each adaptation opportunity category can be measured and map the different categories across Europe as of today. This results in the identification of present adaptation hotspots in Europe\, namely\, specific areas where adaptation opportunities are particularly high. Adaptation opportunities can serve to frame adaptation action more positively in such a way that goes beyond avoiding adaptation tipping points. In addition\, high opportunities for adaptation may serve as an initial trigger for adaptation action which goes beyond incremental measures and instead may trigger system transformations.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/adaptation-opportunities-for-transformative-adaptation-pathways-planning/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T075338Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T075338Z
UID:10000031-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Lessons from a decade of adaptation pathways studies
DESCRIPTION:Adaptation pathways planning is an approach that maps the adaptation solution space over time to inform decision making under uncertainty. Since its first applications on climate change adaptation in the late ’10s several research studies and practical applications have used and extended the approach and discussed its benefits\, limits and complexity. This presentation elaborates lessons learned on the use and value of adaptation pathways approaches for decision making using a set of guiding questions related to the decision context\, the methods used\, and contributions to decision making. Based on our experience and literature review we find that: a) a pathways analysis has been applied widely and is moving from theory to practice; b) can be tailored and typically follows a staged approach; c) methods include narratives\, impact models\, and stakeholder participation tools; c) complexity of pathways as a result of multiple sectors\, hazards\, and actions at various scales is a challenge\, and this is increasingly considered through various extensions of the approach. Ways forward to address the challenges and facilitate applications include model-based pathways\, nested pathways (at different scales) and incorporating pathways scenarios in climate risk assessments.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/lessons-from-a-decade-of-adaptation-pathways-studies/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T075157Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T075157Z
UID:10000030-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Adaptive capacity in the water sector under socio-economic and climate uncertainty
DESCRIPTION:Under the impelling challenges posed by climate change\, population growth\, and evolving socio-economic landscapes\, the ability of water systems to adapt to changing conditions is critical for ensuring resilience and sustainable resource management. As various regions face escalating water scarcity and more intense occurrences of droughts and floods\, many of these areas also grapple with underdeveloped infrastructure\, lack of access to sanitation services and essential water resources for both populations and agricultural activities.\nWhen rainfall patterns change and groundwater is at risk of exploitation\, water-saving techniques and alternative water sources such as desalination and water recycling need to be made available\, which implies higher costs compared to conventional water sources.\nUsing different datasets on technology adoption and country survey data\, we assess the historical development of potential adaptation technologies (desalination and wastewater treatment)\, as well as trends in water infrastructure providing access and sanitation services. We then study the relation of these variables to socio-economic factors (e.g. population\, GDP\, governance) and climate variables (temperature increase\, water stress\, flood intensity). We use regression models to understand the future capacity to develop and adapt under different socio-economic futures (identified with the Shared Socio-economic Pathways\, SSPs) and climate scenarios\, defined by levels of warming.\nPreliminary results show a strong linkage between water access and sanitation indicators with GDP and inequality\, while governance structure seems to play a significant role in the deployment of desalination technologies.\nComparative analyses of different technologies will help modelling communities to explore the effectiveness of different adaptive strategies and inform policy decisions on the most suitable and challenging adaptation options in the water sector and the most plausible adaptation scenarios.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/adaptive-capacity-in-the-water-sector-under-socio-economic-and-climate-uncertainty/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T130000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T143000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240508T075029Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240508T075029Z
UID:10000029-1718024400-1718029800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Adaptation effectiveness decreases with increasing warming
DESCRIPTION:At present\, we have a limited understanding of the effectiveness of adaptation to reduce risks in a warming world\, as adaptation remains insufficiently addressed in climate impact projections. Where projections exist\, these are mostly assessed in case study settings. Based on a meta-review of projections of adaptation\, we assess the ability of different modelled water-related adaptation options to reduce climate risk at 1.5°C\, 2°C\, 3°C and 4°C of warming and show that the effectiveness of the assessed options decreases with increasing warming across all world regions and options. Our study focusses on those adaptation options most readily represented in sectoral climate impact models and thereby have direct relevance in making progress on better representing adaptation potentials within quantitative adaptation scenarios.
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/adaptation-effectiveness-decreases-with-increasing-warming/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T104500
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T120000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240522T103336Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240522T115028Z
UID:10000270-1718016300-1718020800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Panel - Towards solution-oriented IPCC assessments
DESCRIPTION:
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/panel-towards-solution-oriented-ipcc-assessments/
LOCATION:H 0104
CATEGORIES:Panel
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T104500
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20240610T120000
DTSTAMP:20260909T040551
CREATED:20240522T103208Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240522T103354Z
UID:10000269-1718016300-1718020800@test.whatworksclimate.solutions
SUMMARY:Keynote - What Works? IPCC evidence for understanding climate policy pathways and implementation
DESCRIPTION:Jim Skea is IPCC Chair for the seventh assessment cycle\, Chair of Scotland’s Just Transition Commission and Professor of Sustainable Energy at the Imperial College London (UK).\nKey messages: \n\nIPCC is a unique science-policy interface. Progress in international policy is directly linked to the various assessments by the IPCC synthesizing the state of scientific knowledge.\nImproving our solution-oriented knowledge is increasingly important for international climate negotiations and the global stocktake.\nThe solution-oriented knowledge around pathways to keeping warming well below 2ºC needs to be complemented with a sound understanding of what policies work\, under what conditions in any way.\n\nFollowed by a panel on Towards solution-oriented IPCC assessments
URL:https://test.whatworksclimate.solutions/presentation/keynote-what-works-ipcc-evidence-for-understanding-climate-policy-pathways-and-implementation/
LOCATION:H 0104
CATEGORIES:Keynote
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR