One size fits all? Unpacking transformational adaptation for policy and practice

Since the IPCC AR6 WGII report, requests continue to come from countries to explain what transformational adaptation is and how this translates to practice. For example, the recent text on the Global Goal on Adaptation from COP28 specifically calls for more information on what transformational adaptation entails. Recognizing that existing adaptation practices are insufficient for many existing levels of climate-related hazards, there is an urgency for transformative practices that more meaningfully meet the existing and projected risks. To address the knowledge gaps, we bridge the theory and practice of transformational adaptation, describe a new way of thinking, and draw on practical examples of what could be transformative for the planning and implementation of adaptation. Many theoretical frameworks and definitions exist for transformational adaptation which generally emphasize the importance of broader societal transformations as critical to alleviating persistent vulnerabilities. Grounding transformational adaptation in practice has proved more challenging with most examples focusing on process indicators, such as use of participatory approaches and gender equity, rather than on outcomes. Here, we argue that part because the need for attention to process and power in transformations is well documented while desirable outcomes are highly contextual. We recommend and develop a practical approach that refocuses on internal and self-determined measures of transformations for projects, co-defined by the recipients and other relevant stakeholders, to guide project goals rather than external – “one size fits all” – indicators.

This session proposes a panel style discussion in which we first distill the main IPCC AR6 findings on transformational adaptation, then bring in panelists to discuss examples and lessons learned and challenges of implementation.